Koncepcje programowania/Ściąga
Python
edytuj# Comments start with a hash symbol
# VARIABLES
x = 5 # Integer
y = 3.14 # Floating-point number
z = "Hello, world!" # String
is_true = True # Boolean
# PRINTING
print("Hello, world!") # Print a string
print(x) # Print a variable
print(f"The value of x is {x}") # Print a formatted string
# INPUT
name = input("What is your name? ") # Get input from the user
# CONDITIONALS
if x > y:
print("x is greater than y")
elif x < y:
print("x is less than y")
else:
print("x is equal to y")
# LOOPS
for i in range(5): # Loop 5 times
print(i)
while x > 0: # Loop until x is 0
print(x)
x -= 1
# LISTS
my_list = [1, 2, 3] # Create a list
my_list.append(4) # Add an element to the end of the list
print(my_list[0]) # Access an element by index
for item in my_list: # Loop over the list
print(item)
# OBJECTS
class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age
def say_hello(self):
print(f"Hello, my name is {self.name} and I am {self.age} years old.")
p = Person("John", 30)
p.say_hello() # Call a method on the object
print(p.name) # Access an attribute of the object
JavaScipt
edytuj// Comments start with double slashes
// VARIABLES
let x = 5; // Integer
let y = 3.14; // Floating-point number
let z = "Hello, world!"; // String
let isTrue = true; // Boolean
// PRINTING
console.log("Hello, world!"); // Print a string
console.log(x); // Print a variable
console.log(`The value of x is ${x}`); // Print a formatted string
// INPUT
let name = prompt("What is your name?"); // Get input from the user
// CONDITIONALS
if (x > y) {
console.log("x is greater than y");
} else if (x < y) {
console.log("x is less than y");
} else {
console.log("x is equal to y");
}
// LOOPS
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) { // Loop 5 times
console.log(i);
}
while (x > 0) { // Loop until x is 0
console.log(x);
x--;
}
// ARRAYS
let myArray = [1, 2, 3]; // Create an array
myArray.push(4); // Add an element to the end of the array
console.log(myArray[0]); // Access an element by index
for (let item of myArray) {
console.log(item); // Loop over the array
}
// FUNCTIONS
function sayHello(name) {
console.log(`Hello, ${name}!`);
}
sayHello("John"); // Call the function
// OBJECTS
let myObject = {
name: "John",
age: 30,
hobbies: ["reading", "playing guitar"]
};
console.log(myObject.name); // Access a property by name
// DOM MANIPULATION
let myElement = document.getElementById("my-element"); // Get an element by ID
myElement.innerHTML = "Hello, world!"; // Change the element's content
myElement.style.color = "red"; // Change the element's style
Eisp
edytuj;; Comments start with double semicolons
;; VARIABLES
(setq x 5) ; Integer
(setq y 3.14) ; Floating-point number
(setq z "Hello, world!") ; String
(setq is_true t) ; Boolean
;; PRINTING
(message "Hello, world!") ; Print a string
(message "%d" x) ; Print a variable
;; INPUT
(setq name (read-string "What is your name? ")) ; Get input from the user
;; CONDITIONALS
(if (> x y)
(message "x is greater than y")
(if (< x y)
(message "x is less than y")
(message "x is equal to y")))
;; LOOPS
(dotimes (i 5) ; Loop 5 times
(message "%d" i))
(while (> x 0) ; Loop until x is 0
(message "%d" x)
(setq x (- x 1)))
;; LISTS
(setq my-list '(1 2 3)) ; Create a list
(add-to-list 'my-list 4) ; Add an element to the end of the list
(nth 0 my-list) ; Access an element by index
(dolist (item my-list) ; Loop over the list
(message "%d" item))
;; OBJECTS
(defclass person ()
((name :initarg :name :type string)
(age :initarg :age :type integer)))
(defun say-hello (person)
(message (concat "Hello, my name is " (oref person name)
" and I am " (number-to-string (oref person age))
" years old.")))
(setq p (make-instance 'person :